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The nasopharyngeal secretions contained hemagglutinins b. The nasopharyngeal secretions contained rubella virus c. Picornavirus does not produce CPEs d. Picornavirus does not replicate in monkey kidney cells e. Monkey kidney cells are resistant to CPEs 9. The clinical picture of arbovirus infection fits one of three categories: encephalitis, hemorrhagic fever, or fever with myalgia. One of the charac- teristics of arboviruses is that they a.
Are transmitted by arthropod vectors b. Are usually resistant to ether c. Usually cause symptomatic infection in humans d. Are closely related to parvoviruses It stimulates a cell-mediated immunity b. It stimulates humoral immunity c. Its direct antiviral action is related to the suppression of messenger RNA for- mation d.
Its action is related to the synthesis of a protein that inhibits translation or tran- scription e. Coronaviruses are recognized by club-shaped surface projections that are 20 nm long and resemble solar coronas. These viruses are characterized by their ability to a. Infect infants more frequently than adults b. Cause the common cold c. Grow well in the usual cultured cell lines d.
Agglutinate human red blood cells Delta hepatitis only occurs in patients who also have either acute or chronic infection with hepatitis B virus. The delta agent is a.
An incomplete hepatitis B virus b. Related to hepatitis A virus c. A hepatitis B mutant d. An incomplete RNA virus e. Hepatitis C Which of the following antiviral agents is a purine nucleoside ana- logue that has shown promise with Lassa fever, influenza A and B, and res- piratory syncytial virus RSV? Amantadine b. Rimantadine c. Vidarabine d. Ribavirin e. Acyclovir Echoviruses are cytopathogenic human viruses that mainly infect the a.
Respiratory system b. Central nervous system c. Blood and lymphatic systems d. Intestinal tract e. Bladder and urinary tract The most sensitive test for the diagnosis of herpes simplex HSV meningitis in a newborn infant is a. HSV IgG antibody b. HSV culture d. Tzanck smear e. Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis AHC is a contagious ocular infec- tion characterized by pain, swelling of the eyelids, and subconjunctival hemorrhages.
AHC has been reported to be caused by which of the follow- ing viruses? Coronavirus b. Reovirus c. Rhinovirus d. Enterovirus e.
Respiratory syncytial virus Infection with mumps virus a. Is apt to recur periodically in many affected persons b. Will usually cause mumps orchitis in postpubertal males c. Is maintained in a large canine reservoir d. Usually produces severe systemic manifestations e. Is preventable by immunization The serum of a newborn infant reveals a cytomegalovirus CMV titer. The child is clinically asymptomatic.
Which of the following courses of action would be advisable? Repeat the CMV titer immediately b. Wait 6 months and obtain another titer on the baby c. Obtain a CMV titer from all siblings d. The causative agent of this disease belongs to which group of viruses? Adenovirus b. Herpesvirus c. Picornavirus d. Orthomyxovirus e. One of the most common sexually transmitted diseases that may lead to cervical carcinoma is caused by which of the following viruses?
Cytomegalovirus b. Papillomavirus c. Epstein-Barr virus d. Herpes simplex virus e. Adenovirus Which virus is the leading cause of the croup syndrome in young chil- dren and, when infecting mammalian cells in culture, will hemabsorb red blood cells? Group B coxsackievirus b.
Rotavirus c. Parainfluenza virus d. Adenovirus e. Rhinovirus Hepatitis E, a recently characterized hepatitis virus, is best described by which of the following statements? It is not a threat to the blood supply b. It is a major cause of blood-borne hepatitis c. It is prevalent in North America d.
It is a single-stranded DNA virus e. The disease resembles hepatitis C Meningitis is characterized by the acute onset of fever and stiff neck. Aseptic meningitis may be caused by a variety of microbial agents. Decreased protein content b. Elevated glucose concentration c. Lymphocytosis d.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytosis e. HBsAg b. HBc IgM c. HBeAg d. HBs IgM e. HBs IgG A nurse develops clinical symptoms consistent with hepatitis. She recalls sticking herself with a needle approximately 4 months before after drawing blood from a patient.
The nurse a. Does not have hepatitis B b. Has hepatitis A c. Is in the late stages of hepatitis B infection d. Has hepatitis C Eastern equine encephalitis virus is associated with a high fatality rate. Control of the disease could be possible by eradication of a. Horses b. Birds c. Mosquitoes d. Fleas e. Ticks Adults who have had varicella as children occasionally suffer a recur- rent form of the disease, shingles. The agent causing these diseases is a member of which of the following viral families?
Herpesvirus b. Poxvirus c. Adenovirus d. Myxovirus e. Rhinovirus is primarily transmitted by a. Droplet aerosolization b. Sexual activity c. Fecal-oral route d. Fomites e.
Vertical transmission from mother to child German measles virus rubella , a common cause of exanthems in children, is best described by which of the following statements? Measles rubeola and German measles rubella are caused by the same virus b.
Incubation time is approximately 3 to 4 weeks c. Vesicular rashes are characteristic d. Onset is abrupt with cough, coryza, and fever e. Specific antibody in the serum does not prevent disease The presence of Negri inclusion bodies in host cells is characteristic of a. Mumps b. Infectious mononucleosis c.
Congenital rubella d. Aseptic meningitis e. Rabies Kuru is a fatal disease of certain New Guinea natives and is character- ized by tremors and ataxia; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease CJD is character- ized by both ataxia and dementia.
These diseases are thought to be caused by a. Slow viruses b. Cell wall—deficient bacteria c. Environmental toxins d. Prions e. Flagellates According to recommendations issued by the U. Public Health Ser- vice, which of the following statements regarding vaccination against smallpox is true?
Pregnant women should be vaccinated in the first trimester b. Persons who have eczema should be vaccinated soon after diagnosis c. Persons who have immune deficiencies should be vaccinated every 5 years d. Persons traveling abroad need not be vaccinated e. Hepatitis D virus delta agent is a defective virus that can replicate only in cells already infected with which of the following viruses? Hepatitis A virus b.
Epstein-Barr virus c. Hepatitis G virus d. Hepatitis B virus e. HIV A patient presents with keratoconjunctivitis. The differential diagnosis should include infection with which of the following viruses? Parvovirus b. Adenovirus c. Respiratory syncytial virus e. Varicella-zoster virus A hospital worker is found to have hepatitis B surface antigen. Subse- quent tests reveal the presence of e antigen as well. The worker most likely a. Is infective and has active hepatitis b. Is infective but does not have active hepatitis c.
Is not infective d. Is evincing a biologic false-positive test for hepatitis e. Has both hepatitis B and C Alphavirus causes which one of the following viral diseases? Marburg virus disease b. Louis encephalitis c. Western equine encephalitis d. Dengue e. Yellow fever Several antiviral compounds have been developed during the last decade.
One such compound is ribavirin, a synthetic nucleoside struc- turally related to guanosine. Ribavirin therapy has been successfully used against a. Respiratory syncytial virus b. Herpes simplex virus c. Hepatitis B d. Group A coxsackievirus e. An immunocompromised person with history of seizures had an MRI that revealed a temporal lobe lesion. Brain biopsy results showed multinu- cleated giant cells with intranuclear inclusions.
The most probable cause of the lesion is a. Hepatitis C virus b. Listeria monocytogenes d. Coxsackievirus e. Parvovirus Which of the following procedures or clinical signs is most specific for the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus? Growth in tissue culture cells c. Heterophile antibodies in serum d. Lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly on physical examination e.
B-cell lymphocyte proliferation An infant, seen in the ER, presents with a fever and persistent cough. Physical examination and a chest x-ray suggest pneumonia. Which of the following is most likely the cause of this infection? Rotavirus b. Coxsackievirus d. Which one of the following groups of people may be at increased risk for HIV infection? Members of a household in which there is a person who is HIV-positive b.
Receptionists at a hospital c. Factory workers whose coworkers are HIV-positive d. Foreign service employees who are hospitalized in Zaire for bleeding ulcers e. An obstetrician sees a pregnant patient who was exposed to rubella virus in the eighteenth week of pregnancy. She does not remember getting a rubella vaccination. The best immediate course of action is to a.
Terminate the pregnancy b. Order a rubella antibody titer to determine immune status c. Reassure the patient because rubella is not a problem until after the thirtieth week d. Administer rubella immune globulin e. Administer rubella vaccine Mad Cow Disease has been highly publicized in Great Britain. This disease, which is similar to scrapie, is caused by a.
A prion b. A virus c. Rickettsiae d. An autoimmune reaction e. A bacterium with a defective cell wall A possible cause of this infection is a. Hepatitis B surface antigen b. Hepatitis C c. Hepatitis D d. Hepatitis E e. Rotavirus A year-old nursing home patient refused the influenza vaccine and subsequently developed influenza.
Legionella b. Listeria c. Staphylococcus aureus d. Klebsiella e. Which of the following viruses is primarily transmitted by the fecal- oral route? Louis encephalitis virus b. Colorado tick fever virus c. Yellow fever virus e. Dengue fever virus Hantavirus is an emerging pathogen that is best described by which of the following statements? Influenza-like symptoms are followed rapidly by acute respiratory failure b.
Hemolysis is common in infected patients c. It is acquired by inhalation of aerosols of the urine and feces of deer d. Transmission from human to human is common e.
There is effective antiviral therapy available Erythema infectiosum fifth disease , a self-limited disease of children, is caused by a. Measles b. Parvovirus c. Rubella d. Human herpesvirus type 6 e. Norwalk virus Which one of the following viruses may be human tumor virus?
Epstein-Barr virus EBV b. HIV c. Papillomavirus d. Varicella-zoster virus VZV e. Herpes simplex virus, type 2 HSV Parvovirus infection, the cause of a mild exanthem in children, is characterized by a. Epidemic acute respiratory disease b. Gastroenteritis c. Whooping cough—like disease d. Keratoconjunctivitis e. Cytomegalovirus CMV infection is common. Which one of the fol- lowing statements best characterizes CMV?
It can be transmitted across the placental barrier b. While a common infection, CMV is almost always symptomatic c. The CMV can be cultured from red blood cells of infected patients d. Unlike other viral infections, CMV is not activated by immunosuppressive ther- apy e. There is no specific therapy for CMV Human rotaviruses are characterized by which of the following state- ments? They produce an infection that is primarily seen in adults b. They produce cytopathic effects in many conventional tissue culture systems c.
They are lipid-containing RNA viruses possessing a double-shelled capsid d. They can be sensitively and rapidly detected in stools by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA technique e.
They have been implicated as a major etiologic agent of infantile respiratory dis- ease Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus SSPE is best described by which of the following statements? It is a progressive disease involving both white and gray matter b.
It is a late CNS manifestation of mumps c. It is a common event occurring in 1 of , cases of mumps d. Viral DNA can be demonstrated in brain cells e. Demyelination is characteristic Rotavirus is a double-stranded RNA virus with a double-walled cap- sid. Which one of the following statements best describes rotavirus?
There are no related animal viruses b. It is a major cause of neonatal diarrhea c. It is readily cultured from the stool of infected persons d. Maternal antibody does not appear to be protective e. Paramyxoviruses are most commonly associated with which of the fol- lowing diseases? Fifth disease b. Rubella c. Croup d. Tonsillitis e. Otitis media Human papillomavirus is most commonly associated with a.
Rectal polyps b. Prostate cancer c. Condyloma acuminatum d. Hepatic carcinoma e. Carcinoma of the lung Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme unique to the retroviruses. Which one of the following is a function of the enzyme reverse transcriptase? DNase activity b. RNA isomerase activity d.
Integration activity Louis encephalitis, a viral infection, was first recognized as an entity in Which of the following best describes SLE? It is transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected tick b. It is caused by a togavirus c. It is the major arboviral cause of central nervous system infection in the United States d.
It may present initially with symptoms similar to influenza e. There is considerable overlap of signs and symptoms seen in congeni- tal and perinatal infections. Interferon, a protein that inhibits viral replication, is produced by cells in tissue culture when the cells are stimulated with which of the following?
Botulinum toxin b. Synthetic polypeptides c. Viruses d. Chlamydiae e. Gram-positive bacteria Which one of the following statements best describes the cytopathic effects of viruses on host cells? Usually morphological in nature b. Often associated with changes in mitochondrial membranes c.
Pathognomonic for an infecting virus d. Rarely fatal to the host cell e. Can only be seen with an electron microscope A year-old girl presents with cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, and pharyngitis. Infectious mononucleosis is suspected. The most rapid and clinically useful test to make this diagnosis is a. IgM antibody to viral core antigen VCA b. IgG antibody to VCA c.
Culture e. Which one of the following viruses would be most likely to establish a latent infection? Measles virus c. Influenza virus d. Parvovirus e. Coxsackievirus group B A regimen that includes appropriately administered gamma globulin may be contraindicated in which one of the following diseases?
Hepatitis A b. Hepatitis B c. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Notify me of new posts by email. Been Medical Video Lectures Dr. Monday, November 22, Sign in. Forgot your password? Get help. Privacy Policy.
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